In past updates (e.g., Patch 51737, 58259), the dev team noted:
This fix solves the error for 40% of users. You must close background processes. age of empires 2 definitive edition tampering detected
AoE2: DE receives frequent updates (new civilizations, balance changes, bug fixes). Sometimes a patch fails to write correctly. You might have a mix of old and new DLL files. The game checks the hash of these files against a server-side list. If they don't match—even due to a benign download hiccup—the error appears. In past updates (e