| Tool | Complexity | Best for | Output | |------|------------|----------|--------| | SIRAC | Low | Machine safety, SMEs | SIL/PL required | | Risk graph (IEC 62061) | Medium | General machine control | SIL | | LOPA (Layer of Protection Analysis) | High | Process industry (chemical, oil) | Independent protection layers | | FMEA | Medium | Component failure analysis | RPN (Risk Priority Number) |

Before touching the calculator, define the machine's lifecycle (transport, installation, operation, cleaning, maintenance). SIRAC is only accurate if you know who is exposed and when.

Let’s run a practical example: An operator unjam a robotic palletizer twice per shift.

✅ Do:

❌ Don’t:

If you use SIRAC and follow its output, you can demonstrate "due diligence." If an accident occurs and you cannot produce a SIRAC log or equivalent, a court may rule that you failed to perform an adequate risk assessment.